Immune markers are closely related to the remission achievement in childhood acute myeloid leukemia

Palladina, A.; Kupryshina, N.; Tupitsyn, N.; Popa, A.

doi:10.1016/j.htct.2020.09.126

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

ISSN: 2531-1379

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy is a quarterly scientific publication of the Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular (ABHH), Associazione Italo-Brasiliana di Ematologia (AIBE), Eurasian Hematology Oncology Group (EHOG), and Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Pediátrica (SOBOPE).

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy publishes original articles, review articles and case reports covering various areas in the field of hematology and hemotherapy. The journal was previously published, until 2016, as Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia.

ISSN print: 2531-1379
ISSN online: 2531-1387

Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Consensus of the Brazilian association of hematology, hemotherapy and cellular therapy on patient blood management.

Indexed in:

Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO Brazil, ESCI (Web of Science), Scopus, and PubMed/PMC

Objective: Immunophenotyping of the blast population at the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia is a routine study that supplements the data obtained by morphological, cytochemical and cytogenetic studies of tumor cells. Currently, risk-stratification of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is based on initial leukocytosis and genetic abnormalities. However, those genetic aberrations which effect the prognosis of childhood AML are found only in about 35% of cases. The search for reliable factors to clarify the stratification of patients into risk groups continues, and along with chromosomal and gene abnormalities, aberrations of the immunophenotype of tumor blasts are of interest. There are conflicting data on the effect of immunological factors on the prognosis of AML. Most of them were obtained by the analysis of AML in adults. It is of interest to analyze the effect of the immunophenotypic “portrait” of blast cells on the course of the disease. The achievement of complete remission (CR) is the main prognostic factor for AML in children.

Methodology: In our study, CR was achieved in 84 of 105 children with AML (80.0%) and achieving complete remission was very significant (p=0.000) prognostic factor in assessing overall survival. We analyzed the influence of gender, age, FAB-variants and immunological markers on the probability of remission achievement. The effects of age, FAB-variants and gender were not significant, though boys achieved complete remission more rarely than girls (p=0.11). We analyzed effect of the following immunological markers: CD7 (n=69), CD117 (n=37), CD34 (n=93), CD13 (n=97), CD33 (n=96), CD20 (n=47), CD19 (n=84), CD9 (n=9), CD38 (n=50), HLA-DR (n=83), CD11b (n=3), CD64 (n=59), CD14 (n=20), CD5 (n=51), CD3 (n=55), CD56 (n=52), CD10 (n=67).

Results: Among them presence of CD33, CD19 and CD56 increased the probability of remission achievement (p=0.005; 0.025 and 0.049 respectively) while CD14 (p=0.028) had a negative effect on it. It is important to note that none of these markers had a significant effect on the overall survival.

Conclusion: In conclusion, search for new prognostic factors for AML in children continues, and aberrantly expressed immunophenotypic markers may become important for clinicians.

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