Aim: Factor VIII acts as a critical cofactor in normal hemostasis, therefore low levels of this factor can be a cause of excess bleeding and its levels have been shown to be influenced by ABO blood group. There are no reports about the correlation of factor V and ABO blood group. The aim fo this study was to evaluate the influence of ABO blood group on factor VIII and factor V levels in fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and correlate the low-levels of factor VIII with the results of aPTT and donor sex. Methods: We conducted a survey of the results of coagulation factor V and factor VIII determinations of fresh frozen plasma produced from whole blood from donors from January 2015 to December 2018 by the Quality Control Laboratory of Hemotherapy at São Vicente de Paulo Hospital in Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil. Samples were randomly selected monthly, one out of every 50 units produced, with the 50th segregated for evaluation. Coagulation factors were measured in the Fibrintimer equipment (Siemens). FFP was frozen within 8 hours after collection in a -80°C freezer. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t-test and as tool BioEstat 5.0 system was used. Results and discussion: A total of 779 FFP were analyzed: 272 (34.9%) from group A, 84 (10.7%) from group B, 21 (2.7%) from group AB and 402 (51.6%) from group O. The average Factor VIII was 1.13 IU/mL in group A with compliance of 96.0%, 1.36 IU/mL in group B and compliance was 98.8%, 1.26 IU/mL in group AB with 100% compliance and 0.98 IU/mL in group O with 89.3% compliance. Alharbi, et. al., 2018 reported mean factor VIII activity in blood donors of 96.9% (36–157) in group A, 111.8% (45–178) in group B, 127.6 (86–170) in group AB and 81.2% (35–128) in group O. Findings were similar to those obtained in our study, the mean factor VIII was higher in group B and AB donor plasmas and the lowest mean was observed in group O donors, as well as most nonconforming results were observed in group O donors. Regarding Factor V, we found an average of 1.07 IU/mL in group A with 95.6% compliance, 1.10 IU/mL in group B with 94.0% compliance, 1.07 IU/mL in group AB with 100% compliance and 1.07 UI/mL in group O with 97.0% compliance. In case of Factor V were similar in the different blood groups, as well as the percentage of compliance. For statistical analysis, we separated the samples from group O (402) and non-O (377), and only for Factor VIII the difference between both groups was statistically significant (p<0.0001). For the results of altered Factor VIII, the result of aPTT was evaluated, of the 43 nonconforming cases of group O, in 6 (13,9%) the aPTT was also altered and of these, 3 cases were female and 3 cases were male donors. In the 12 nonconforming cases of the non-O group, 2 (16,6%) presented alteration in aPTT and of these, one case was female and one case was male donor. Conclusions: We found that mean factor VIII values are lower in group O donors when compared to non-O group donors, and non-compliant results were more present in group O. Regarding Factor V, the means were similar in different blood groups and the compliance of the results was also similar. Altered factor VIII and aPTT may be related to hereditary coagulation disorders, such as mild hemophilia or von Willebrand disease, but it is extremely important to do complementary exams to confirm the results.
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