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Vol. 45. Issue S4.
HEMO 2023
Pages S473-S474 (October 2023)
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Vol. 45. Issue S4.
HEMO 2023
Pages S473-S474 (October 2023)
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STANDARDIZATION OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT STUDY: 8 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME DIAGNOSIS - VISION FROM LATIN AMERICA EXPERTS
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C Borellaa, T Leonela, GR Ramosb, DD Ribeiroc, J Aldunated, S Ouviae, CM Perezf
a Siemens Healthineers, São Paulo, Brazil
b Hemostasia and Hematology H&H Lab, Bogotá, Colombia
c Hemostasis Outpatient Clinic of The Hematology/Oncology/Functional Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
d Clinical Laboratory Redsalud SpA, Santiago, Chile
e Hemostasis & Thrombosis DASA – Labmedicina SA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
f Siemens Healthinners, Bogotá, Colombia
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Vol. 45. Issue S4

HEMO 2023

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Background

The diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is challenging in Latin America (LAM). There is no standardization of its principal type of diagnosis testing: the lupus anticoagulant (LA) test. The advisory board, with experts from different Latin American countries, to try to establish a standardization and better outcomes true to the clinical condition of the APS, drew up a consensus with 8 main recommendations:(1) For the determination of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test, there is lots of products available in the diagnostic market. Therefore, clarifications on the composition of the product should always be consulted, so APTT can be evaluated with components sensitive to the presence of LA. (2) The proximity between prescribers and laboratories is important to mitigate the test time-response. When not possible, the volume of data produced by the LA test could be high, leading to difficulties in finding the valuable clinical data. The establishment of this communication channel should increase the effectiveness of the LA investigation. (3) Preanalytical and analytical factors, added to the heterogeneity of anti-lupus antibodies and their forms of interaction with phospholipid-associated proteins, are limiting factors for LA tests when detecting all LA. The physician must provide a detailed description of the request, along with medical advice after positive results. Also, the laboratory performing the exam must receive qualified information. The recommendation is a standardized questionnaire for anamnesis on the use of anticoagulants. (4) On the pre-analytical, a clear analysis requires joint evaluation of basic routine tests, as PT/APTT. The unanimous recommendation: on every lupus anticoagulant study request, PT/APTT should be performed to screen the analysis and complement the interpretation. (5) Recent guideline recommends the application of APTT with different concentrations of phospholipids as a 2nd methodology and the mixing test. This needs a careful interpretation: false negative should be a constant alert. (6) Costs of reagents and consumables for performing the tests (screening, mixing and confirmation) of the LA test are challenging. Each laboratory manages its need to expand LA research, including additional APTT test. A strong recommendation is to seek, with health insurers and government agencies, and to merge the trials for the LA research into a single set, the Lupus Anticoagulant Study, covering all the tests necessary for the diagnosis. (7) The assessment and identification of diseases such as APS is not simple and requires knowledge from prescribers for suspicion, evaluation, diagnosis, and monitoring. The strongest recommendation for LAM is the development of a cover sheet for LA results in a standardized, and clear sequence. (8) The study of LA requires familiarity with the terms that comprise its analysis, different ways of informing and/or referring to the same terms can cause doubts to prescribers. The elaboration of an official nomenclature for LA studies to understand the results uniformly in an intuitive and clear way of the mnemonic used must be done. The adhesion to those recommendations will propose a more assertive communication between laboratories and all medical areas, bringing better outcomes to the patients’ pathway.

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Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
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