Mobilized peripheral hematopoietic stem cells are transplanted to cancer patients as support for high-dose chemotherapy. It is believed that the effectiveness of restoring all hematopoietic sprouts during HSC transplantation depends on the total dose of CD34+ cells. At the same time, CD34+ stem cells are a heterogeneous cell pool, including progenitor cells of different levels of differentiation and different ability to proliferate. Accordingly, it can be expected that the subpopulation composit.

We have studied of HSC subsets in 569 specimens of hemopoietic tissue (blood cells and LP cells) from 167 adult cancer patients and on 557 specimens of hemopoietic tissue from 263 pediatric cancer patients. Also, 61 samples of LP from 50 healthy HSC donors were studied. All patients were managed at bone marrow transplantation units of hematology malignancy and oncology department of N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center from 1996 to 2014.

Peripheral hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are transplanted to cancer patients to reduce critical pancytopenia vary in subset composition and include early polypotent precursors (CD38- and/or HLA-DR-, CD90+, CD45-negative), lymphoid precursors (CD10+, CD7+, CD2+, CD19+, CD56+), megakaryocyte- (CD61+) and myeloid-committed precursors (CD117+, CD13+, CD33+). These subsets of early and committed HSC are found in different proportions in cancer patients and normal donors.

So, the pool of mobilized HSC is heterogeneous and represented by pluripotent precursors and committed HSC in different proportions that are in variable, rather sophisticated interrelations. Mobilization effect of SC individual subsets is related with disease type. To achieve fast recovery of granulocyte lineages after HSC autologous or allogeneic transplantation one should not focus only on proportion of committed myeloid HSC: optimal HSC content to be transplanted should be in a certain balance.