Neutropenia is the most common and serious consequence of myelosuppressive chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies.Granulocyte transfusions can restore granulocyte counts and thus theoretically reduce the risk of infection in such patients.In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of granulocyte transfusion in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancy despite recombinant myeloid growth factor therapy.

In this retrospective study, 72 patients who were treated in our hematology clinic between 2016 and 2022 and who met the criteria of our study were included.

Demographic data, malignancy subtypes, chemotherapy regimens, number of neutropenic days, clinical outcome before and after granulocyte transfusion, and neutrophil count changes in blood parameters were analyzed.In the study, p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. The analyses were analyzed with the SPSS 25.0 program.

In our study, 56.9% of the patients were male, the most common diagnosis was AML with 65.3% and 91.7% Gram-/+ was the most common type of treatment.It was observed that 62.5% of the patients recovered from neutropenia after granulocyte transfusion and 37.5% did not recover or exited.It was observed that patients who were neutropenic before chemotherapy were more likely to recover from neutropenia after granulocyte transfusion (p=0.01) and had lower rates of recovery from neutropenia (p=0.04).

Considering the present results, granulocyte transfusion seems to accelerate the recovery from neutropenia in the sample we analyzed. In addition, the diagnosis of the patient, the type of chemotherapy received, and the time of granulocyte transfusion were evaluated as factors affecting the results. However, in light of the data obtained, we believe that prospective studies with a larger number of patients should be conducted to evaluate the consistency of our results.