Kikuchi Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is known as NecrotizingHistiocytic Lymphadenitis. It is a self-limiting clinicalsituation that is seen especially in women younger than 30 years of age. It is caracterized by progresses with multiplecervical lymphadenopathy and high fever, and regresses in 1-4 months. Its etiology is still not fully elucidated. It is thought tobe a hyperimmune reaction triggered by variousmicroorganisms (Herpesviruses, especially Ebstein BarrVirus). This is a disease that should be kept in mind in thepresence of fever and lymphadenopathy of unknown origin, and can be diagnosed by pathology after exclusion of otheretiological agents. Here, a case who applied to our hospitalwith swelling and pain in the neck is presented.

Case: A previously healthy 13-year-old female patientpresented with complaints of swelling and pain in the neck. Inher history, it was learned that her complaint had been for 20 days. It was learned that she applied to an external center andused antibiotics with the diagnosis of acute lymphadenitis, but her complaint did not regress. There were no B symptoms. Inher resume, it was learned that she was born at term and thatshe did not have the medication she used all the time. Adenoidectomy was performed six years ago. There was nofeature in her family history. Physical examination revealedpalpable lymphadenopathy of approximately 3 cm in the rightposterior cervical region. The patient's blood count wasnormal. Sedimentation was 36 mm/hr. Acute phase reactantswere negative; peripheral smear was normal. EBV, CMV, hepatitis, toxoplasma, brucella, bartonella, tuberculosis testswere negative. The pediatric infection unit was consulted forfurther investigations. There was no mediastinal width on chest X-ray. Immunoglobulin levels were normal. The doublenegative T cell rate was 6.6%. Biopsy of the lesion andsimultaneous bone marrow was performed to the patient. As a result of the pathology, diffuse necrosis and apoptotic changeswere detected. The present findings were pathologicallycompatible with Kikuchi-Fujimoto. The patient is currentlybeing followed up with pediatric immunology.

Conclusion: Clinical management of patients presenting withpalpable lymph node is very important. The diagnosis of lymphoma, which is one of the most common childhoodmalignancies, should definitely be kept in mind. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is extremely rare.

It is very difficult toconsider them among the differential diagnoses. Our aim in presenting this case is to raise awareness about Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease in our daily clinical practice. KikuchiFujimoto disease should be among the differential diagnosesin patients with lymph node enlargement.