Objective: Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is used as a curative treatment approach in many hematological diseases. Allogenic HKHN made for nearly 30 years bone marrow microenvironment and stroma after transplantation are known to protect the recipient identity. It is well known that if sex mismatch allogeneic HSCT is performed from multipar women to men, graft-versus-host disease frequency and therefore transplant related mortality is increased. Inborn difference and its change after transplant in hemoglobin (Hb) levels between male and female did not draw attention on a scientific basis. The aim of this study to analyze Hb and red cell distribution width (RDW) changes after mismatch allogeneic HSCT.
Case report: 18–72 years old 62 cases with acute leukemia were included in this study, between 2016–2019. All of them underwent allogeneic HSCT with used conditioning regimens like myeloablative or non-myeloablative or RIC (reduced-intensity conditioning) and were in the first complete remission.
Methodology: The patients were divided into four groups according to the transmitter and gender compliance, as well as demographic features; MM (male to male), MF (male to female), FF (female to female) FM (female to male). Hemoglobin and red cell distribution (RDW) interval differences were evaluated before and after transplantation.
Results: There was no significant difference between groups in terms of age and performance status. The mean Hb level was significantly increased in all patients from 9.16g/dL to 12.34g/dL (p<0.0001) after transplantation. The average RDW before transplantation was 16.60% after transplantation was 15.57%. When the mean Hb values at 12 months were compared with post-transplant, it was found to be 12.79g/dL and 12.99g/dL in male recipients and female recipients respectively. While mean values of male recipients were 15.78% and 15.02% in the MM group and FM group, it was observed that female recipients were 13.43% and 15.13% in the FF group and in the MF group, respectively. While the male recipient therefore male stromal structure was terminated with >12g/dL Hb values at 12 months, the mean value in female recipients was <12g/dL. Male allogeneic HSCT recipients are more fortunate than women in this respect but in the study, no significant difference was found between women who have male donors and gender-matched sex in hemoglobin elevation.
Conclusion: In our study, no significant difference was found between women who have male donors and gender-matched sex in hemoglobin elevation. Finally, we think that in patients with both male and female donors, it can be concluded that the recipient's hemoglobin value may be higher by choosing a male donor.
